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Tuesday, November 30, 2021

PANDEMIC--The Fort Detrick Connection---FROM AIDS TO COVID-19

 

Saturday, July 24, 2021

#PANDEMIC--The Fort Detrick Connection---FROM AIDS TO COVID-19


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     (The Lab)-- "No long range ill effects from vaccinations have been found so far, but doctors won't be sure until they contact about 1,000 more  former employees at Fort Detrick as a follow-up study of the Army's germ warfare experiments." 1


     Under the headline "Ft. Detrick workers sought for germ warfare followup," the article was published in the (Hanover, PA) Evening Sun in 1980.  "Laboratory workers, contractors and tradesmen" were immunized, but the National Cancer Institute (NCI) was in the process of looking for about 3,000 total and at the time the search was only 66 percent complete, according to Dr. Thomas Mason, head of the study. "We don't want to frighten anyone," Mason said, but considering today's ongoing existential war against the coronavirus pandemic, a closer look at the Fort Detrick history  is in order. 
    A few months later, an FOIA expose by the Church of Scientology revealed that Fort Detrick's Special Ops Division had secretly sprayed a "harmless simulant agent" into gratings above New York City subways in early summer, 1966 to test the effects of scattering as a possible bioweapons tactic.  The report also stated the Army tossed light bulbs of the agent from moving trains for a more effective pattern;
     "In 1966, one Charles Senseney, a project engineer with the Department of Defense, spent two weeks flinging bulbs of simulated poisons in front of New York City subway trains." (2)


In May, 1980, Robert Cooke warned in The Boston Globe the possibility of less-than-safe conditions at labs conducting genetic experiments;
     "Instead of taking elaborate--and some argue unnecessary-- precautions to guard against escape of newly altered organisms, most of the work is now being done in ordinary laboratories under relatively normal conditions." (3)
A photo included in the article shows workers at the Army base conducting research without the least bit of biosafety measures. 
     When an animal caretaker at a Reston, Virginia lab was exposed to Ebola tainted monkeys in 1989, a decontamination unit was called in to disinfect the cages. (4)  As for the recent reference to "The Big Lie," it is worth noting that Patrick Buchanan used the phrase back in 1989 in his Pittsburgh Press column;
     "Under glasnost, the propaganda of hatred against the United States continues. Soviet newspapers continue to promote the Big Lie that AIDS was invented at Fort Detrick, Md., as a weapon in biological warfare." (5)

The HIV-from-Fort-Detrick myth--

     The allegation that AIDS was lab engineered was engineered by an East Berlin biologist, Jacob (Jakob) Segal as reported in the Wilkes-Barre Citizens' Voice;
     "The first suggestion that AIDS was made in America goes as far back as 1983 when it appeared in an Indian newspaper and was largely ignored...the suggestion reappeared in October last year in more damaging form in the Soviet magazine Literaturnaya Gazeta in the fall of 1985... Jacob Segal, described as a retired director of the Institute of Biology at an East Berlin university, was quoted by the Express as saying AIDS 'escaped ' from a secret US laboratory at Fort Detrick in Maryland. " (6)
The Indian newspaper where the story first appeared was the New Delhi Patriot. (6A, see also Addendum)
     The Ukiah Daily Journal reported in 1987 that the story was originally planted in the Indian newspaper by the Soviet propaganda tool Novosti. (7) It was flatly rejected by the U.S. government. However, that same year, Uganda's Minister of Health, Samuel I. Okware, asked;
     "If Africa was the original source of AIDS, how come Europe, which has so much social interaction with Africa, has fewer problems very remote to Africa, like the United States..." (8)
Okware's statement was in reference to the HIV epidemic prevalent in America in homosexuals, Haitians and African-Americans. 
     As for the original proponent of the theory, Jacob Segal, a detailed report on the biologist was published in The Baltimore Sun by Ian Johnson in 1992.  (9)


     With respect to Segal's allegation that AIDS "escaped," Jill Jonnes added;
     "In spite of such precautions, however, there have been more than a thousand accidents connected with biowarfare research at Fort Detrick, and three deaths. "(2)

    According to the Sun article, Segal's original theory was that AIDS was found in Icelandic sheep, which by extrapolating backward from his initial research in 1986, the HIV virus in humans was the same as sheep in 1978.  Perhaps one of the most revealing aspects of Segal's influence, accidental or otherwise, generated by the theory, is found in "Disinformation Squared," (See Addendum;) 

     "This extraordinary document (Segal's allegation), written from within the East Berlin Administration of the Ministry of State Security, showed 'everyone' guessing that powerful figures in the East German Communist Party were protecting an eccentric biologist while he embarrassed - practically sabotaged - their country." (Page 69)
     
The Coronavirus-from-Wuhan-lab theory--

In much the same way Segal's HIV-from-Fort-Detrick myth gained momentum, the timeline of the COVID-19 origin at the Chinese laboratory was similar. According to Jack Brewster reporting in a  Forbes timeline, the first to raise the Detrick connection was found in a Washington Times article by Bill Gertz where Dany Shoham is mentioned. (11) Shoham, a former Israeli intel specialist, first surfaced in 2002 calling out Saddam Hussein's chemical weapons program; real or otherwise didn't seem to matter. (12) Shoham's claim was followed up by Senator Tom Cotton (R-AR). (12) The Forbes timeline ended in May, 2020 but wasn't lost on Congress and the media. Last week, in a heated exchange between Dr. Fauci of the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and Senator Rand Paul (R-KY), each accused the other of lying about the origin and funding for coronavirus research at the lab. (13) It is clear from the HIV-from-Fort-Detrick myth that a great deal of political support is being given to the Wuhan myth for political "gain-of-function."  The political environment ignores the concept of viral jumping--from animal (bat, civet) to primate--as a weak explanation for the cause of the disease.

The Coronavirus-from-Fort-Detrick theory--

     Countering the charge that Wuhan lab was responsible, China's The Global Times responded with a long rebuttal of the Wuhan theory and suggested Fort Detrick was the origin; 

     " Combing through more than 8,000 pieces of news reports related to the lab-leak theory, the Global Times found that as many as 60 percent of the coverage was from the US alone." (14)

     In what appears to be collusion between the U.S. government and Western media, another "disinformation squared" effort is underway. Still, Global Times had no explanation for the viral jumping phenomenon, the principal method of spreading of the pathogen to humans. The Global Times compared the effort to affix blame on Wuhan similar to that of the Saddam Hussein nuclear weapon deception; instead of using the more convincing argument of the HIV-from-Fort-Detrick myth. Clearly that would have undermined the Times' own propaganda agenda. If there is insufficient evidence to fix the blame on Wuhan, insufficient evidence exists as well in Fort Detrick theory. 

Preponderance-of-coincidences--

The Disinformation Squared paper refers to a "preponderance-of-coincidences." (page 21)   But there is little evidence to support the lab as the kickoff point. Funding by the U.S government granted to the lab is meaningless; it doesn't point to some ulterior, evil motive as suggested by the demagogues in Congress. The first suspected clusters were reported in Wuhan; certainly the Chinese government would not test out its secret new bioweapon on its own population. The source would have to be external, and already in a transmissible form so that "jumping" could be readily achieved, if, of course, the virus was engineered. Even then, the role of coincidence, no matter how many in sequence, does not verify a claim without strong supporting evidence. 
     On a final note: the concept that the virus "escaped" from a lab, any lab, is nonsense. It doesn't have wings or feet; it was either carried out, floated out or flushed out, either by accident or by intentional design. The focus needs to be on that as a motive to find the origin.
     

Cited
1.) Staff, "Ft. Detrick workers sought for germ warfare followup," The Hanover Evening Sun, 19 February 1980, Page B1.
2.) Jonnes, J., "Biowarfare: the U.S. record," The Record (Hackensack, NJ), 04 February 1979, Page E1.
3.) Cooke, R., "Relaxed rules spur on the geneticists," The Boston Globe, 04 May 1980, Page A1.
4.) Engelman, R., "Deadly virus found in lab monkeys," The Fresno Bee, 09 Dec 1989, Page A10.
5.) Buchanan, P., "Glasnost can't fix closed Soviet ways," The Pittsburgh Press, 01 December 1987, Page B3.
6.) Staff, "Soviets make AIDS a propaganda issue," Wilkes-Barre Citizens' Voice, 27 December 1986, Page 16.
6A.) Cockburn, M., "No, AIDS virus was not a big Pentagon plot," The Sydney Morning Herald, 30 July 1987, Page 3.
7.) Editorial, "Blatant Propaganda," Ukiah Daily Journal, 17 November 1987, Page 4.
8.) Hale., E., "AIDS rumored to come from CIA, American clothes, witchcraft...," NY Press and Sun- Bulletin, 12 October 1987, Page 10A
10.) n/a
12.) Zacharia, "A Stealth bomber: what Israel fears about Saddam," The Miami Herald, 25 August 2002, Page 5C.

Addendum- Geissler, Erhard, and Robert Hunt Sprinkle. “Disinformation Squared: Was the HIV-from-Fort-Detrick Myth a Stasi Success?” Politics and the Life Sciences, vol. 32, no. 2, 2013, pp. 2–99. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/43287281. Accessed 25 July 2021. 

 NBACC image, 
National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center (NBACC) Photos | Homeland Security (dhs.gov)


 James C. L'Angelle
University of Nevada, Reno
Undergraduate, College of Liberal Arts, Fall 2021
NYU, Social Media Studies, Fall 2021

Pvt. "JC" L'Angelle,  27th Marines
China Beach, DaNang, 1968

Saturday, March 13, 2021

PANDEMIC PAPERS: V.1--Inorganic Spontaneous Generation & --NON-LINEAR THEORY


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     "...it is quite possible that the virus 'acted alone' in its own origin..."

     Incline Village, NV (Exclusive to EOC Lab)--Much has been made of the new world plague that originated in Wuhan, China. Or did it? Politicians and demagogues alike would lead us to believe it was manufactured in a secret project inside the bio-weapons lab located in that city. The online news media Politico ICU ward recently breathed new life into the Wuhan lab conspiracy theory;

     "In the spring of 2020, inside the U.S. government, some officials began to see and collect evidence of a different, perhaps more troubling theory—that the outbreak had a connection to one of the laboratories in Wuhan, among them the WIV, a world leading center of research on bat coronaviruses." (Rogin, Politico)


     A few paragraphs later, the author gave himself credit for warning the world of the impending disaster; still with no substantial proof. The article, shamefully, read like a Watergate investigator on the verge of breaking the big story, only to have the perpetrator resign before it was published. Based on a shallow and hastily drawn up report by the State Department in January of this year, Rogin drew several conclusions to affirm his suspicions, and sell his story. The problem with the Wuhan lab conspiracy theory is that it is credible, but that's about all. A few days later, the World Health Organization (WHO) sponsored a virtual event to refute the Wuhan lab theory, shifting instead the blame for the pandemic on unfettered  "wildlife trade" in the city, and elsewhere. (Bose, Hindustan Times)

     "There was a conduit from Wuhan to the provinces in South China, where the closest relative viruses [to the coronavirus] are found in bats.” (quoting Dr. Peter Daszak, zoologist)

Still, that doesn't draw any comfort as to its origin from the dark, gloomy caves in Asia to the hospital beds in Los Angeles and the morgues around the city. At the same time, the conflicting theories on the origin fall into what Patricia Roberts-Miller described in her groundbreaking work on politics, Demagoguery and Democracy, as a false dilemma;

     "occurs when a rhetor sets out a limited number of options, generally forcing one’s hand by forcing one to choose the option he or she wants. Were all the options laid out, then the situation would be more complicated, and the rhetor’s proposal might not look so good." (Miller, epub, 112-116)

Political expediency, according to Roberts-Miller, requires any dispute to be reduced to the binary either-or solution and the coronavirus origin theory is no exception. At first one might ask, what's the difference? Isn't it far more important to discover the ending, not the beginning? Yes and no. Yes because the species may not live to see it; no because there may be other just as credible, non-political, undemagoguery inviting theories for its origin. One such might go beyond the nature of  ordinary explanations of how new-millennia viruses develop and spread. 

     Classical definitions have to find, to "pinpoint" that exact location, like a first responder looking for the arsonist's gas can out in the forest. What if the outbreak, the fire came from a number of independent, but similar, circumstances, as witnessed by the devastating California dry lightning storms last summer? Certainly, the governor couldn't be recalled for that one, a purely natural phenomenon. If the governor, the lab staff and the politicians were eliminated from coronavirus theory, then the natural order is responsible but in an even more significant way than the WHO, "the fire started here" method. It is called "nonlinear systems theory;"

     "Nonlinear systems theory is a new scientific paradigm that developed out of the realization that apparently random variation can shape the irreversible evolutionary paths of complex systems." (Spencer-Wood, Hidawi)

     What exactly is that "random variation" attributed to the pandemic? Not so much that it appeared to have a linear evolution, but it began to take shape in a nonlinear fashion when mutations were discovered, continents apart. Even so, that "new scientific paradigm" needs to have more life breathed into it before becoming a viable theory to contend with the lab-marketplace political binary; that new life is a very old concept: spontaneous generation. That is spontaneous generation with a twist, inorganic rather than organic. That is, also drawing a fine line between what separates the two and into which category a virus falls. In her nonlinear model, Spencer-Wood states "Paradigms limit the patterns and processes we can perceive and analyze from data," which fits into the positivist process of observation based theory, making it possible to contain, and maintain, control over the environment, nature, and ultimately the civilized world. Depending on the viewpoint, it usually ends up meaning the male-dominated patriarchy which so reviles freedom seeking feminist radicals. That doesn't mean there isn't any merit to the concept, but the patriarchs don't want it as they will lose their grip on credibility, on scientific ethos. Spencer-Wood cites the (E.N., 1993) Lorenz model and the difference between nonlinear and chaos;


     "Lorenz distinguishes between chaotic systems and nonlinear systems. While all chaotic systems are nonlinear, not all nonlinear systems are chaotic. Both are sensitive to initial conditions, but nonlinear systems may converge on an earlier stable state after a perturbation, while chaotic systems do not. " ([6]: 163)

Drawing on that and the concept of spontaneous generation, it is quite possible that the virus "acted alone" in its own origin, without the help of a secret bioweapons lab or an unfettered wildlife trade market. Spontaneous generation, the archaic process by which life sprung from inorganic matter, combined with non-linear chaotic theory, yields a virus appearing  at random locations, at random times, in similar but random forms, with no distinct origin.  The theories behind spontaneous generation are far more complex, outdated, unrealistic and non-scientific to have any impact on the role of patriarchal positivism that is the foundation of the demagogue's binary perception of reality and nature as a servant of that vision. Those of nonlinear chaos are too modern for the archaic viewpoint of the fettered scientist, limited in his role by observation and current narrow paradigms that are for the most part under the censorship of the government. For that matter, a close reading of the Lorenz theory would only add more chaos to the limited insight necessary to bring an end to the pandemic, which should be the ultimate goal, not looking for the beginning. 


Cited:

Rogin, J., In 2018, Diplomats Warned of Risky Coronavirus Experiments in a Wuhan Lab. No One Listened. - POLITICO

State Dept. & Covid Origin, https://www.state.gov/ensuring-a-transparent-thorough-investigation-of-covid-19s-origin/

Bose, Joydeep, No evidence of Covid-19 leak from Wuhan lab, may have emerged from wildlife trade, say WHO scientists | Hindustan Times

Roberts-Miller, P., Demagoguery and Democracy, The Experiment, NY, epub, 2020

Dry lightning, LNU, CZU, SCU complex fires started by staggering lightning storm: WATCH - ABC7 San Francisco (abc7news.com)

Spencer-Wood, S., Nonlinear Systems Theory, Feminism, and Postprocessualism (hindawi.com)

Lorenz, TheEssenceOfChaos_Lorenz.pdf

Toker, A simple method for detecting chaos in nature | Communications Biology

Lab image 001: 19,368 Old Chemistry Lab Stock Photos, Pictures & Royalty-Free Images - iStock (istockphoto.com)

Lab image 002: Old Science Lab With Chemical Reagents And Burner Stock Image - Image of laboratory, chemistry: 138924571 (dreamstime.com)



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Thursday, March 4, 2021

PANDEMIC PHLOGISTON-- Dr. deFacto's Covid Coup--ANTIPOSITIVISM & 10TH AMENDMENT

 


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     "...many Republican state officials are showing no signs of relenting in their march against science." (Jon Skolnik, Salon)

     IV89451 (EOC Syndicated)--Of course that "march" began way back last year and continued recently when the forces of reason clashed with those of economics in a familiar place, the South. On the surface, it appears like yet another feud between the federal government and states rights with some of the initial individual rights surrounding mask mandates brought out the First Amendment advocates, it's actually the Tenth Amendment that is in the spotlight;


     "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people." (Cornell Law)

     The Tenth is by far the least used, with the far more popular First, Second and especially, the Fifth. But that's only part of the story; beyond it is the inherent trust in what's given the world everything from the airplane to the internet: science. The argument's been around ever since Lavoisier and company convinced his peers that phlogiston wasn't what fueled fire. (Britannica) The question now, however, is what's fueling the pandemic, and it may not just be related to coronavirus. The next question is, who's to blame for keeping the pandemic alive?  "Deep state," "conspiracy theory" and other hackneyed expressions just don't seem to give enough credit to where it's due since they only serve to create derision, distrust, animosity--there's probably more here-- in the general world weary population. Maybe there's a logical explanation somewhere. That might be found in the school of anti-positivism;

     "... the view in social science that the social realm may not be subject to the same methods of investigation as the natural world; that academics must reject empiricism and the scientific method in the conduct of social research." (positivists.org)

     In plain language, science as the golden rule for making laws regarding social behavior is rejected. Science may always be right due to its dependence on observation, experimentation and rigid rules of mathematics, biology and medicine, but right isn't always the best path when it comes to rhetoric. Those who have created  mandates that have consumed social life because of the pandemic are now being looked upon as stepping beyond those boundaries and intruding into personal and private lives; affecting education, employment and even survival. Those mandates might be summed up by the expression "Dr. deFacto's Covid Coup." 

     At first, the subtle rules appeared only as medical advice from the doctor; that was the role played by the former regime in the White House. Offered up were medicine wagon cures such as hydroxychloroquine followed by a bending of the charts to indicate an immediate path out of the oncoming disaster. When word got out that the strategic national stockpile was nothing more than empty warehouses, available ventilators were unserviceable, there weren't enough N-95 masks to go around even for medical staff nationwide and hospital beds were shamefully understaffed, panic began to grip America. Curiously, it showed up in an asymmetrical manner, such as a run on toilet paper in the supermarkets and Asian-American bashing; which, oddly enough, has increased as of late. These were non-scientific reactions to what became classified officially by Dr. deFacto as a pandemic. Only after the new regime assumed power in the federal government did the Covid Coup become exposed. The phlogiston theories evaporated when the casualty rate hit a half-million Americans.

     At the same time, an ice storm swept across the South, crippling the second largest contiguous state in the Union. The news that usually refers to this type of mega-event as a "game changer" were all silent. It was up to the governor of that state to come to his survival-instinct Neanderthal senses and invoke the Tenth Amendment. From a scientific standpoint it was a disastrous decision; from a rhetorical anti-positivist one, it was the correct one. Surrounding it, a bitter Hatfield-McCoy feud has erupted pitting the new federal regime's authority, as well as its credibility, against the will of the people, also left to the Tenth Amendment. It might be noted that the Republican incumbent, who lost a bitterly contested election last November, did carry the state. (Samuels, Texas Tribune)

     In the meantime, the White House is now faced with a dilemma; will other states go rogue like Texas and Mississippi, unmask its citizens and go for reopening? If anything, the old playbook inherited from the previous administration that placed Dr. deFacto's deep state phlogiston separate government in control of policy making, might well be ready for a reverse coup. That one will redefine the role of state governments and in the process, consider the social ramifications of the harsh medical procedures that have been erroneously credited to a certain ancient Greek legislator (Draco)  and place them back to where they rightfully belong--as loosely defined in Wikipedia-- the court of oral law and blood feud.




Cited

Wednesday, March 3, 2021

COVID19--Origin of "Neanderthal Thinking"--PANDEMIC PALEONTOLOGY


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    "... some have suggested that Neanderthals did not go extinct..."

    IV 89451 (EOC Syndicated)--Often used but seldom explained, the phrase "Neanderthal thinking" has once again surfaced, this time the White House reaction to the "masks off" orders from the executive offices of Texas and Mississippi. Straight out of the Minnesota Department of Anthropology, Gilliane Monniere gives a brief background to our Cro-Magnon mancestors;


"They excelled at hunting animals and making complex stone tools, and their bones reveal that they were extremely muscular and strong, but led hard lives, suffering frequent injuries. There is no doubt that Neanderthals were an intelligent species, successfully adapted to their environment for over 200 millenia.(Monniere, Nature)

    That tells a whole lot about the extinct species of man, but very little about the origin of the phrase. Obviously the Neanderthals didn't come up with it and doubtful its immediate descendant was aware of the one quality that separates man from the rest of the plants and animals on the planet, the ability to reason. Many records just don't go back far enough to determine where the phrase originated but for the sake of the next stage in the development of mankind, Homo Sapiens, at least one phrase bears a striking resemblance;

     "Cogito, Ergo Sum!"

Just how far the mind can be led into deception by this fundamental assertion did not concern the Neanderthal, far more interested in leading a "hard life," content with stone tools for use in hunting animals. The search for the origin of the phrase is directed toward primary sources. In a letter to the Burlington Free Press way back in the Stone Age days of the Great Depression, one editorial contributor noted Vermont's opposition to the New Deal;

     "Vermont shows a gain for Roosevelt of 6.05 percent as compared with the average net gain for the 48 states at 5.39 percent. This change indicates that while Neanderthal thinking still persists in this state, we may gradually be coming out of the Stone Age." (Lease, D.R.)

The author of the letter to the editor did not reference where he found the statistics to show the Neanderthal approval rating for the New Deal. Again, the phrase appears with respect to politics; this time in 1953 in the Madison, Wisconsin Capital Times;

     "Here's a barometer to the Neanderthal thinking going on in Washington...The other day Rep. (Dan) Reed (R-N.Y.) had this to say: 'Reciprocal trade is the invention of Alger Hiss'."


     When asked what he meant, the congressman repeated himself. Alger Hiss was convicted for perjury related to spy accusations leveled at him during the McCarthy witch hunt years. The most interesting takeaway from the statement is that it might suggest the Neanderthal was responsible for the discovery of the barometer. The Los Angeles Mirror reported in 1958 that the president of the Men's Apparel Guild, Joe Well, protested the City College ban of Bermuda shorts;

     "It's Neanderthal thinking...Those who affect leather boots and T-shirts are considered legitimate with the 'zombie' look..." (Well, J., 14)

There is something to be said for the thinking Neanderthal showing up on campus in a pair of Bermuda shorts. Writing for the New York Times and published in the Des Moines Register, columnist Arthur Crock accused the John Birch Society of Neanderthal thinking. (Krock, 4) In 1963, Gene Ward reported on the feud between the NFL commish and broadcast networks over the big game and when to turn on the stadium lights;

     "Unfortunately, Rozelle is knocking his head against a stone wall of Neanderthal thinking on the part of certain owners, and a change of the NFL ground rules as regards the championship may be difficult to come by." (Ward, G., 49)

From all of the above, the modern Neanderthal is anti-Roosevelt, a McCarthyite with knowledge of atmospheric pressure gauges, against Bermuda shorts at college, no friend of the Birchers and will play the second-half in the dark. For those still a bit confused as to the origin of the expression, the anthropologist Monniere could only add;

     "Finally, some have suggested that Neanderthals did not go extinct, but were assimilated into populations of modern humans (Smith et al. 2005). Recent genetic studies have shown that modern European and Asian DNA contains 1–4% Neanderthal genes. This suggests that before Neanderthals became extinct, some, at least, interbred with modern humans (Green et al. 2010)." Monniere, Nature)


Sen. Marsha Blackburn Defends the Vital American Neanderthal Vote From Democratic Slander


Biden's 'Neanderthal Thinking' Remark Prompts Furor in Mississippi, Texas




Texas Gov. Abbott blames Covid spread on immigrants, criticizes Biden’s ‘Neanderthal’ comment


     "President Biden's use of an old stereotype is hurtful to modern Europeans, Asians & Americans who inherit about 2% of their genes from Neanderthal ancestors," tweeted Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla. "He should apologize for his insensitive comments and seek training on unconscious bias."

Republicans pounce after Biden slams “Neanderthal thinking" of GOP governors repealing mask mandate

Cited


Monniere, G., Neanderthal Behavior | Learn Science at Scitable (nature.com)

Cogito, Ergo Sum, Descartes - Philosophy of Cosmology (ox.ac.uk)

Lease, D.R., The Burlington Free Press, 09 July 1934, Page 6.

Reed, Hiss, Capital Times, 01 May 1953, Page 20

Alger Hiss, Was Washington official Alger Hiss a Communist Spy? (historynet.com)

Well, J., "Shorts Ban in College Criticized,"  The Los Angeles Mirror, 28 April 1958, 14.

Krock, A., "Krock Twits Rockefeller on his 'Manifesto," Des Moines Register, 20 July 1963.

Ward, G., "Ward to the Wise," NY Daily News, 23 December 1963.

Neanderthal image 001, credit to Nature.com

Neanderthal image 002, New Scientist


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Wednesday, February 10, 2021

WMST427A.1001--Essay: Of Phlogiston and Feminism--UNIV NEVADA, RENO, SPRING 2021

 


ENG.WMST427A.1001

James L’Angelle

University of Nevada, Reno

Dr. J. Nelson, Professor

11 February 2021


Assignment: J. Butler, Gender Trouble


     “Every science has passed through a phase in which it considered its basic subject matter to be some sort of substance or structure. Fire was identified with phlogiston; heat with caloric; and life with vital fluid. Every science has passed beyond that phase, recognizing its subject matter as being some sort of process:” (Brickhard, MH) 


Can the concept be extended to the study of feminism? In Butler’s opening paragraph, the author notes “representation is the normative function of a language which is said either to reveal or to distort what is assumed to be true about the category of women.” (Butler, 3) To what degree the concept of gender is linked to the classical terms of feminine, woman, opposite sex and similar is grounded in language itself. 



Butler makes an argument in relation to the French in section v. where gender and sex appear to have a connection embedded in linguistics. In fact, there is a distinct relationship between the two related to the endings of the words and how the subject affects other components of the sentence. Nouns ending in -e normally are considered feminine by gender, with the possible exception of l’homme (man) and similar words. Butler then alludes to the opening paragraph of Monique Wittig’s The Mark of Gender, but omits on page 28 an important observation, replaced by three dots, an ellipsis;

     “It is thus that English when compared to French has the reputation of being almost genderless while French passes for a very gendered language. It is true that, strictly speaking, English does not apply the mark of gender to inanimate objects, to things or nonhuman beings.” (Wittig, 76)


  Going back to the trial by fire analogy that phlogiston was the inherent component that caused the element to burn, it then becomes necessary to reinvent language itself from the basics of phonemes and morphemes instead of the rather immediate convenience of redefinition and recategorization by syntax and semantics. Wittig adds yet another interesting sentence that further describes the very nature of gender, “takes place in a category of language that is totally unlike any other and which is called the personal pronoun.” (78) Wittig distinguishes between the first and third person with the latter being the enabler of gender, as “I” alone leaves a “suspension of the grammatical form.” Wittig’s solution was to substitute the neuter pronoun “one.” In fact, neuter by definition, is;


     “of, relating to, or constituting the gender that ordinarily includes most words or grammatical forms referring to things classed as neither masculine nor feminine.” (Merriam-Webster)


Of course in a few short paragraphs the effort to unravel the complexity that involves gender and sex is quixotic, especially when that effort spans different languages with dissimilar syntaxes. Butler may have intentionally cited French as where not to go to find an answer but found Wittig’s arguments useful, even in abbreviated form. At least they both can agree it isn’t phlogiston that makes fire burn.


Namebase: (by page)

(4) Foucault,

(6) Denise Riley, Am I That Name?

(8) Marx,

(11) Lévi-Strauss,

(12) Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex

(14) Luce Irigary,

(17) Plato, Cartesian, Husserl, Sartre, 

(24) Wittig,

(27) Nietzsche, Haar

(29) Aretha Franklin,

(31) Herculine Barbin,

(32) Robert Stoller,

(36) Lacan, Freud,

(37) Jacqueline Rose, Jane Gallop,


By Section:

i. “Women” as the Subject of Feminism  (3)

ii. The Compulsory Order of Sex/Gender/Desire (9)

iii. Gender: The Circular Ruins of Contemporary Debate (11)

iv. Theorizing the Binary, the Unitary, and Beyond (18)

v. Identity, Sex, and the Metaphysics of Substance (22)

vi. Language, Power, and the Strategies of Displacement (33)



Definitions:

(4) juridical (adj)-of or relating to the administration of justice or the office of a judge

(5) ontological (adj)- relating to or based upon being or existence

(6) hegemonic (adj)-the social, cultural, ideological, or economic influence exerted by a dominant group

(11) structuralism (n)-a method of analysis (as of a literary text or a political system) that is related to cultural anthropology and that focuses on recurring patterns of thought and behavior.

(11) prediscursive (not in dictionary)-discursive (adj)-moving from topic to topic without order, proceeding coherently from topic to topic, method of resolving complex expressions into simpler or more basic ones : marked by analytical reasoning,

(14) phallogocentric-not in dictionary-

(16) existential (adj)-having being in time and space

(26) conflation(n)-a composite reading or text

(33) “gender is not a noun”--subclass within a grammatical class (such as noun, pronoun, adjective, or verb) of a language that is partly arbitrary but also partly based on distinguishable characteristics (such as shape, social rank, manner of existence, or sex) and that determines agreement with and selection of other words or grammatical forms


Cited;

Brickhard, M.H., Process and Emergence: Normative Function and Representation | SpringerLink

Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble : Tenth Anniversary Edition, Routledge, 2002. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/knowledgecenter/detail.action?docID=180211.

Wittig, M., wittig_-_the_mark_of_gender.pdf (unito.it)

neuter, Neuter | Definition of Neuter by Merriam-Webster (merriam-webster.com)




Monday, January 11, 2021

INSURRECTION--Chain-of-Command Breakdown-- DAY OF INFAMY, 2021


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"… Now, all the authorities, they just stand around and boast How they blackmailed the sergeant at arms into leaving his post..."  (Bob Dylan, Highway 61 Revisited)

 

Incline Village, Nev. (EoC Syndicated)--As timelines go, the focus has been on breaching of the Capitol building by the mob of the president's supporters, many of whom had arrived already prepared for a fight. But another significant timeline has emerged and republished from the Washington Post in the Philadelphia Inquirer this morning surrounding the actual role of the security chain-of-command that failed to respond adequately. According to the report, Steven Sund, the Capitol police chief, requested assistance prior to the electoral college certification;   
 
     "House Sergeant at Arms Paul Irving said he was not comfortable with the 'optics' of formally declaring an emergency before the demonstration, Sund said. Meanwhile, Senate Sergeant at Arms Michael Stenger suggested that Sund informally seek his Guard contacts, asking them to 'lean forward' and be on alert in case Capitol Police needed their help." (Inquirer)
The Post-Inquirer report then gives the long drawn-out interaction between various entities tasked with assistance that ultimately rested on the Pentagon. More than anything, the report suggests the lack of authority to commit the National Guard and the process that requires the approval of getting those boots on the ground on federal property. Curiously, had the request come from a state, it might have been approved without the half-stepping and marching in place that occurred on the Day of Infamy, 2021. 
     What's also a mystery is why a detailed brief was posted by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) just two days prior to the siege that outlined in no uncertain terms who has/had the authority to commit forces into the battle in case of an insurrection; 
     "As noted in CRS Reports R42659 and RL31133, Congress has provided approximately 50 statutory authorizations to use the military forces for foreign or domestic purposes—not including formal declarations of war." (CRS)
Those include the Insurrection Act of 1807 and the War Powers Act of 1973. The second specifically states that the President is authorized to call out the Guard in a "national emergency created by an attack on the United States." The US Constitution has a more nebulous definition as to who retains the authority to act in case of an insurrection, as stated in Section 8 under the powers of Congress; 



     "To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;"
Thus, it seems that everyone, and no one, had the authority to execute the command that would have spared the capitol the attack, and it was without a doubt an attack on the United States, another Day of Infamy as paraphrased by Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee (D-Texas) , and spared the lives of a half-dozen citizens and police officers in the process. But as in many other cases of American history where who was involved, who incited, who pulled the trigger, how many conspirators escaped to Venezuela, from the Lincoln assassination to the Kennedy assassination, from the Bay of Pigs to Iran-Contra, the same question arises. Did the mob of 20,000 plus on the capitol grounds act alone or was it incited by the president, by his cohorts and family insiders? Was Congress complicit for failure to anticipate the attack and be ready to execute its constitutional authority to call in reinforcements? Why did the Pentagon choose to march in place? Where in the timeline report published by the Post-Inquirer article are the answers to that one serious and simple question?


Cited:
Defense Primer: Legal Authorities for the Use of Military Forces, Defense Primer: Legal Authorities for the Use of Military Forces (congress.gov)
Pontiac Rebellion image, fort.jpg (814×491) (theballreport.com)
Bob Dylan, Highway 61 album cover, 

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Saturday, January 9, 2021

INSURRECTION-- Incitement, Sedition, Common Law--DEMAGOGUERY & CLASS WARFARE


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     "Sedition:  "to raise discontent or disaffection amongst His Majesty’s subjects..."

     Incline Village, Nev. (EoC Syndicated)-- The first draft of the second impeachment effort by the US House of Representatives is now available online (H.Res No #) and the single article  is titled "Incitement of Insurrection." The second part of the title is a no-brainer, it's the first that draws scrutiny. The text of the article attempts to  provide a better definition;
     "Incited by President Trump, a mob unlawfully breached the Capitol, injured law enforcement personnel, menaced Members of Congress and the Vice President, interfered with the Joint Session's solemn constitutional duty to certify the election results, and engaged in violent, deadly, destructive and seditious acts." 


     Skipping over most of the fluff regarding violent, deadly and destructive, the catchword in the indictment is "seditious." Jacob Jaconelli gives insightful analysis in his essay "Incitement: A Study in Language Crime;" He starts out by setting a parameter between language and speech, where the second can fall under freedom of. Jaconelli makes the case that language, not speech, is the force behind incitement and draws focus directly on encouragement with respect to incitement. In one of the more stark examples drawn by the author, Jaconelli cites what he calls "predicate conduct" with respect to sedition;
     "The classic definition of the crime stated that it was 'to incite any person to commit any crime in disturbance of the peace, or to raise discontent or disaffection amongst His Majesty’s subjects, or to promote feelings of ill-will and hostility between different classes of such subjects.' "
Although Jaconelli follows up with respect to seditious behavior rooted in racial and religious hatred, His Majesty might disagree, basing the crime on class distinction. So what role did that very class distinction play in the riot at the Capitol on Wednesday, January 6, 2021? We might look at Patricia Roberts-Miller and her definitions of a demagogue in  "Demagoguery and Democracy;"
     "polarizes a complicated situation into us and them,...the world can be reduced to those who are with us and those who are against us,...the Truth is easy to perceive and convey,...appeal to inconsistent premises, and argument from personal conviction," and the in-group is faced with extermination, or worse.


     Most of the horse and buggy thinking right now falls into Roberts-Miller's descriptions of the old parameters of demagoguery such as leader charisma, is the person bad, appealing to populist notions and manipulative. Certainly from an incitement point of view with regard to sedition, those parameters may be sufficient, but are not accurate. With respect to what Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee (D-Texas)  called the "Day of Infamy" on CNN's Pamela Brown segment tonight,  a closer look reveals the hidden agenda following more closely what His Majesty feared of his subjects way back during the days of common law. Much of it might also be corroborated by Roberts-Miller's further extrapolations, such as underpinning the common fallacies of the demagogue. 
     Circular reasoning and tautology create the impression that the rhetor can be trusted by the parameter of personal conviction, "trust me." Even though, for instance, the resolution for impeachment includes the allegation that the President attempted to influence the outcome of the Georgia votes in the general election, it is not enough to satisfy yet another component of the innovative demagoguery definition. That can be found elsewhere, in an unlikely spot, with regard to the pandemic statistics;
     "Naïve realists often believe that they can judge the validity of statistics on the basis of whether they support a conclusion they believe to be obviously true, so they accept as true those statistics with which they agree and dismiss as untrue those statistics with which they disagree." (Roberts-Miller)
As recently as a week ago, Jemima McEvoy reported in Forbes the President's efforts to misalign the CDC stats downward in order to make his administration appear we are coming out of the crisis; 
      "Trump suggested that the U.S. Covid-19 death toll includes deaths that weren’t caused by the virus, providing no evidence for either claim. " (Forbes)
Not just fitting the profile of the new demagogue definition, the hidden agenda is that of the class-struggle between those who have lost their jobs, business, homes and family members because of the pandemic, but those who have not, the political elite that has been foot dragging in key areas such as unemployment relief and stimulus checks. The blame fell squarely on the House of Representatives for its weak $600 package when the White House demanded $2000. To complicate the matter, infighting inside the president's own party further stalled economic relief for the struggling classes. No longer defined by an oversimplified "they stole the election" outcry, Roberts-Miller's scare tactics used by the loser that some apocalyptic event will happen if the protesters don't storm the capitol and halt at any cost the electoral college count results. All of it was fueled by class distinction, indeed a relevant argument for the "seditious acts" phrase written into the impeachment article. 
     "Shortly before the Joint Session commenced, President Trump addressed a crowd of his political supporters nearby. There he reiterated false claims that 'we won this election, and we won it by a landslide,.' " (Article I)
And now, the upper crust lawmakers in the House chamber are going to give it away, rob the poor, the unemployed and the bankrupt in the mob. By His Majesty's definition, the President willfully and carefully plotted the seditious act for which he is now accused; rhetoric aside, syntax and semantics to the wind. Sedition, a high crime, not a misdemeanor, by common law from the days of royalty, pegged to class struggle. Following the speech to incite insurrection, the President left the scene, with his entourage of wealthy sycophants and family insiders, also onstage briefly to incite the mob. Certainly they must have sensed the outcome even before it happened, with cellphone videos of them dancing and carrying on, behavior that can only be attributed to those so incredibly rich to be completely out of touch with the monster they had just created and unleashed, in utter contempt of the working class they incited. Yet to be examined are the Marxian and Freudian analyses of this aberration of democracy.
     As the pundits and former chiefs of  staff repeat the story a dozen times on CNN for the past few days leading up to Monday's House vote, they get the reasons all wrong, they have been out of college too long. The definitions have changed, they see it all through a naïve realism of their own that what counts in a court of opinion on television also counts in a court of law. And at least Dana Bash of CNN noted today, a senate trial is no court of law.
Here's what the DC US Attorney, Michael Sherwin, had to say; 

 "I don't want this tyranny of labels saying this was sedition, this was a coup," Sherwin says. "But what I will say is, it was criminal." 

reported by Martin Kaste for NPR, 
Cited:
Roberts-Miller, Patricia, Demagoguery and Democracy, The Experiment, NY, 2020 paperback.
Flag, 

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